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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wAyQc9s5O2k&NR=1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ydYiYISGVY&feature=channel
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6GATY8y4gs&feature=channel
Wednesday, April 22, 2009
LTTE- IN SRILANKA
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelamதமிழிழவிடுதலைப்புலிகள்
The official emblem of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
Dates of operation
1976 – present
Leader
Velupillai Prabhakaran
Motives
The creation of a separate Tamil state in the north and east of Sri Lanka
Active region(s)
Sri Lanka
Ideology
Tamil nationalism
Status
As of April 22, 2009 the LTTE occupies an area of around 18.2 km² in the Mullaitivu District,
The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Tamil: தமிழீழவிடுதலைப்புலிகள், ISO 15919: tamiḻ iiḻa viṭutalaip pulikaḷ; commonly known as the LTTE or the Tamil Tigers) is a militant organization based in northern Sri Lanka. Founded in 1976, it has since actively waged a violent secessionist campaign that seeks to create an independent Tamil state in the north and east of Sri Lanka. This campaign has evolved into the Sri Lankan Civil War, one of longest running armed conflicts in Asia. Since its formation, the LTTE has been headed by its founder, Velupillai Prabhakaran.
The Tamil Tigers are currently proscribed as a terrorist organization by 32 countries (see list of countries). They have a well-developed militia cadre, and are notorious for committing atrocities against civilians, for carrying out high profile attacks, including the assassinations of several high-ranking Sri Lankan and Indian politicians, and for recruiting child soldiers. The LTTE invented the suicide belt and is widely known for suicide bombing as a tactic. They also pioneered the use of women in suicide attacks. The LTTE has carried out more suicide bombings than Hamas, Islamic Jihad, and al-Qaeda combined. The LTTE has used aircraft in some attacks.
Over the course of the conflict, the Tamil Tigers have frequently exchanged control of territory in north-east Sri Lanka with the Sri Lankan military, engaging in fierce confrontations in the process. They have also been involved in peace talks to end the conflict four times, each time unsuccessfully, and at the start of the latest round of peace talks in 2002, they ran a virtual mini-state in area under their control. However, after the breakdown of the peace process in 2006, the Sri Lankan military launched a major offensive against the Tamil Tigers, bringing a vast area under their control and limiting the Tigers to a 21.5 km2 area in the Mullaithivu District.
As a result of this offensive, there is increasing belief that the final military defeat of the LTTE is near, although they may launch an underground guerrilla campaign if defeated as a conventional force. There have also been growing calls for the LTTE to surrender, including a joint statement issued in February 2009 by the United States, the European Union, Japan and Norway, which said there was "just a short time before the Tigers lost all the territory still under their control".
SRI LANKAN TAMIL
The Sri Lankan Civil War is the name given to the ongoing conflict on the island-nation of Sri Lanka. Since July 23, 1983, there has been on-and-off civil war, predominantly between the government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE, also known as the Tamil Tigers), a separatist armed organization which fights for the creation of an independent state named Tamil Eelam in the north and the east of the island.
Over 70,000 people have been officially listed as killed in the war since 1983. As one of the world's deadliest ongoing armed conflicts, it has caused significant adversity to the population, environment and the economy of the country. The tactics employed by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, have resulted in the organization being banned as a terrorist organization in 32 countries including the United States, Japan, Brazil, Australia, the nations of the European Union, and Canada.
After two decades of fighting and three failed attempts at peace talks, including the unsuccessful deployment of the Indian Army as a peacekeeping force from 1987 to 1990, a lasting negotiated settlement to the conflict appeared possible when a cease-fire was declared in December 2001, and a ceasefire agreement signed with international mediation in 2002. However limited hostilities renewed in late 2005 and the conflict began to escalate until the government launched a number of major military offensives against the LTTE beginning in July 2006, and drove the LTTE out of the entire Eastern province of the island. The LTTE then declared they would "resume their freedom struggle to achieve statehood".
The government then shifted its offensive to the north of the country, and formally announced its withdrawal from the ceasefire agreement on January 2, 2008, alleging that the LTTE violated the agreement over 10,000 times. Since then, aided by the destruction of a number of large arms smuggling vessels that belonged to the LTTE, and an international crackdown on the funding for the Tamil Tigers, the government has taken control of 99.8% of the territory previously controlled by the Tamil Tigers, including their de-facto capital Kilinochchi, main military base Mullaitivu and the entire A9 highway.
As a result of the latest fighting, experts predict the long running conflict could soon come to an end, with the government taking over the final bit of territory controlled by the Tamil Tigers. However the rebels have vowed to fight on, and are expected to wage an underground guerrilla campaign, launching hit and run attacks against the military and suicide bombings around the country, if they were defeated as a conventional force. On February 3, 2009, the United States, the European Union, Japan and Norway issued a joint statement urging the Tamil Tigers to lay down their arms and end hostilities, as there was just a short time before the Tigers lose all the territory still under their control.
The fate of civilians trapped in the 'no-fire zone' has become a major concern for the international community at this stage of war.
Sri Lankan Civil War
Date
July 23, 1983 – present
Location
Sri Lanka
Status
Ongoing
Territorialchanges
The LTTE occupies an area of around 18.2 km² in the Mullaitivu District.[1]
Belligerents
Sri LankaIndian Peace Keeping Force (1987–90)
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
Commanders
Over 70,000 people have been officially listed as killed in the war since 1983. As one of the world's deadliest ongoing armed conflicts, it has caused significant adversity to the population, environment and the economy of the country. The tactics employed by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, have resulted in the organization being banned as a terrorist organization in 32 countries including the United States, Japan, Brazil, Australia, the nations of the European Union, and Canada.
After two decades of fighting and three failed attempts at peace talks, including the unsuccessful deployment of the Indian Army as a peacekeeping force from 1987 to 1990, a lasting negotiated settlement to the conflict appeared possible when a cease-fire was declared in December 2001, and a ceasefire agreement signed with international mediation in 2002. However limited hostilities renewed in late 2005 and the conflict began to escalate until the government launched a number of major military offensives against the LTTE beginning in July 2006, and drove the LTTE out of the entire Eastern province of the island. The LTTE then declared they would "resume their freedom struggle to achieve statehood".
The government then shifted its offensive to the north of the country, and formally announced its withdrawal from the ceasefire agreement on January 2, 2008, alleging that the LTTE violated the agreement over 10,000 times. Since then, aided by the destruction of a number of large arms smuggling vessels that belonged to the LTTE, and an international crackdown on the funding for the Tamil Tigers, the government has taken control of 99.8% of the territory previously controlled by the Tamil Tigers, including their de-facto capital Kilinochchi, main military base Mullaitivu and the entire A9 highway.
As a result of the latest fighting, experts predict the long running conflict could soon come to an end, with the government taking over the final bit of territory controlled by the Tamil Tigers. However the rebels have vowed to fight on, and are expected to wage an underground guerrilla campaign, launching hit and run attacks against the military and suicide bombings around the country, if they were defeated as a conventional force. On February 3, 2009, the United States, the European Union, Japan and Norway issued a joint statement urging the Tamil Tigers to lay down their arms and end hostilities, as there was just a short time before the Tigers lose all the territory still under their control.
The fate of civilians trapped in the 'no-fire zone' has become a major concern for the international community at this stage of war.
Sri Lankan Civil War
Date
July 23, 1983 – present
Location
Sri Lanka
Status
Ongoing
Territorialchanges
The LTTE occupies an area of around 18.2 km² in the Mullaitivu District.[1]
Belligerents
Sri LankaIndian Peace Keeping Force (1987–90)
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
Commanders
Date 22, april, 2009
Junius Richard Jayawardene (1983–89)
Harkirat Singh (1987–90)Ranasinghe Premadasa (1989–93) †Dingiri Banda Wijetunge (1993–94)Chandrika Kumaratunga (1994–2005)Mahinda Rajapaksa (2005– present)
Velupillai Prabhakaran (1983– present)
Strength
Sri Lanka Armed Forces:95,000 (2001)118,000 (2002)158,000 (2003)151,000 (2004)111,000 (2005)150,900 (2006)[2]Indian Peace Keeping Force:100,000 (peak)
LTTE:6,000 (2001)6,000 (2002)7,000 (2003)7,000 (2004)11,000 (2005)8,000 (2006)7,000 (2007)
Casualties and losses
20,866 SLA soldiers killed as of 2009; 3,800+ SLA soldiers killed after 2001; 1,500 IPKF soldiers killed;1,000 Sri Lankan police killed
21,051 Tigers killed as of mid-2008; 2,200 (LTTE claim) - 4,073 (SLA claim) Tigers killed in 2008
80,000 killed overall by end of 2008 (including civilians)2,800 civilians killed in 2009
Junius Richard Jayawardene (1983–89)
Harkirat Singh (1987–90)Ranasinghe Premadasa (1989–93) †Dingiri Banda Wijetunge (1993–94)Chandrika Kumaratunga (1994–2005)Mahinda Rajapaksa (2005– present)
Velupillai Prabhakaran (1983– present)
Strength
Sri Lanka Armed Forces:95,000 (2001)118,000 (2002)158,000 (2003)151,000 (2004)111,000 (2005)150,900 (2006)[2]Indian Peace Keeping Force:100,000 (peak)
LTTE:6,000 (2001)6,000 (2002)7,000 (2003)7,000 (2004)11,000 (2005)8,000 (2006)7,000 (2007)
Casualties and losses
20,866 SLA soldiers killed as of 2009; 3,800+ SLA soldiers killed after 2001; 1,500 IPKF soldiers killed;1,000 Sri Lankan police killed
21,051 Tigers killed as of mid-2008; 2,200 (LTTE claim) - 4,073 (SLA claim) Tigers killed in 2008
80,000 killed overall by end of 2008 (including civilians)2,800 civilians killed in 2009
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